Effects of initial AI use and competition loss on subsequent reliance on AI

Abstract: The integration of generative AI (GenAI) in creative domains presents opportunities and challenges for professionals. This study investigates how initial AI reliance and competition outcomes shape future AI usage intentions in creative work, with a focus on the mediating role of perceptions of creativity as a uniquely human trait. Drawing on attribution theory and human-AI collaboration research, we hypothesize that individuals relying on AI are more likely to continue its use, especially after losing a competition. Two preregistered experiments tested these effects. In Study 1, participants generated creative poems using AI or self-reliance, with manipulated competition outcomes. Study 2 extended this to online haiku competitions, comparing reliance on AI versus human collaborators. Results reveal a robust main effect of AI use on future reliance, moderated by competition outcomes and mediated by reduced perceptions of creativity as uniquely human, particularly among losers. Findings offer insights into GenAI's impact on creativity perceptions, competitive dynamics, and future adoption.

Keywords: Creativity; Human-AI; Competition