Baluchiatn Armed Conflict: Chronology, Causes and Remdial Actions By Central Government

Authors:

Abstract: Baluchistan, a province of Pakistan characterized by its diverse communities and significant geographical presence, has been grappling with an ongoing insurgency that has its roots in historical, political, and economic grievances. The people of Baluchistan have faced challenges of representation and marginalization, leading to deep-rooted discontent. These issues, coupled with foreign involvement, have fueled the insurgency that has persisted over time. The evolution of this insurgency can be traced back to a lack of representation within the central government, military and civil bureaucracy causing feelings of exclusion and political inequality. Baluch have historically been underrepresented in key power structures, hindering their autonomy and socio-economic progress. This power imbalance has resulted in revolts and conflicts, as the people of Baluchistan strive for greater political rights and opportunities. Economic grievances have further exacerbated the situation, as Baluchistan remains the most impoverished province despite its ample natural resources. The unequitable distribution of resources, limited access to essential services like education, and underdevelopment have contributed to the population's sense of deprivation. Moreover, foreign involvement from countries like India, the United States, Iran, and Israel has made this insurgency more complex by providing financial support, advanced weaponry and abroad safe heavens in the name of asylum to the insurgents. Addressing these multifaceted challenges requires a comprehensive approach. Equitable resource distribution, infrastructural development, and meaningful participation in mega projects like the Gwadar Port can help uplift the province. Transferring ownership of key economic ventures and adjusting resource allocation under programs like the Benazir Income Support Program can alleviate poverty and reduce conflict. International partners, such as those involved in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor – CPEC, can play an important role in promoting inclusive development and fostering a peaceful environment in Baluchistan. By focusing on these solutions, the central government can pave the way for a more inclusive and prosperous future for Baluchistan and the entire nation.

Track: POLI

Keywords: Armed Conflict, Political Conflict, Insurgency, Militancy, Baluchistan